In JavaScript, number literals can be represented in various numeral systems using different prefixes. Here are the commonly used prefixes for different numeral systems:

1. Decimal: No prefix is required for decimal numbers. For example: 42, 3.14, 10.
2. Binary: The 0b or 0B prefix is used to represent binary numbers. Binary numbers consist of only 0 and 1. For example: 0b1010 represents the binary number 1010, which is equivalent to 10 in decimal.
3. Octal: The 0o or 0O prefix is used to represent octal numbers. Octal numbers consist of digits from 0 to 7. For example: 0o77 represents the octal number 77, which is equivalent to 63 in decimal.
4. Hexadecimal: The 0x or 0X prefix is used to represent hexadecimal numbers. Hexadecimal numbers consist of digits from 0 to 9 and letters A to F (or a to f) representing values from 10 to 15. For example: 0xFF represents the hexadecimal number FF, which is equivalent to 255 in decimal.

Here are some examples illustrating the use of different prefixes:

const decimal = 42; // Decimal number
const binary = 0b1010; // Binary number (10 in decimal)
const octal = 0o77; // Octal number (63 in decimal)
const hexadecimal = 0xff; // Hexadecimal number (255 in decimal)
 
console.log(decimal); // Outputs: 42
console.log(binary); // Outputs: 10
console.log(octal); // Outputs: 63
console.log(hexadecimal); // Outputs: 255

It's important to note that these prefixes are used only for number literals. Once a number is assigned to a variable, the numeral system is not associated with the value itself. Therefore, you can perform arithmetic operations or manipulate the numbers regardless of the numeral system used in the original literal representation.

Additionally, these prefixes are not limited to BigInt or specific number types. They can be used with regular numbers (number) as well. However, it's worth mentioning that binary literals and the BigInt type were introduced in more recent versions of JavaScript, so their support may vary across different environments or older browsers.